Millions of Catholics around the world faithfully obey “Mother Church” by being obedient to her instructions as best they can. Unfortunately, the vast majority are absolutely ignorant when it comes to having a meaningful understanding regarding most of the religious practices, procedures and laws that “good Catholics” must adhere to — from cradle to grave, so-to-speak. Also, through inculcation most blindly accept the authority of the priest! Believing that he is the one that has been to seminary and therefore he knows all about God!! It is indeed a fatal mistake to put one’s salvation into the hands of someone else! Especially, since today we have the Word of God — the Bible, and the Holy Spirit to help us.
The following three chronicles authored by the late Keith Green clearly explain the origins and true meanings of Catholic liturgy and orthodoxy.If you are a practicing Catholic — we implore you to read these chronicles with an open mind — understanding that your very salvation depends upon your acceptance of the truth revealed within these chronicles.
The Final Word Internet Ministry
ROMAN CATHOLIC CHRONICLES 1
THE HOLY EUCHARIST
EATING THE FLESH OF DEITY
(Edited and compiled by Keith Green)
Roman Catholic Chronicles II ~ The Sacrifice of the Mass
Roman Catholic Chronicles III ~ Salvation according to Rome
Roman Catholic Chronicles IV~ What did Vatican II really change?
One might wonder why, in a scriptural exposé of the doctrine of the Catholic Church, I would choose this subject — The Roman Catholic Interpretation of the Lord’s supper (more commonly known as “Communion” ). for the first of the “Roman Catholic Chronicles”. Most Protestants would expect me to deal with what they might consider the more obvious departures from biblical foundation — such as the worship of and prayers to the Virgin Mary, the infallibility of the pope, purgatory and prayers for the dead, the history of the torture and burning of accused “heretics” — and no doubt in future instalments we shall look in depth at these.
But for this first article I believe that we should get right to the root, before we begin exploring the branches of Roman Catholic doctrine and practice. Any Roman Catholic who has even a small knowledge of his church knows that the central focus of each gathering ( known as the “Mass” is the Holy Eucharist.
THE EUCHARIST
The word “Eucharist” is a Greek word that means “thanksgiving”. In the Gospel accounts of the Last Supper, Jesus is described as “giving thanks” before breaking the bread (Luke 22:19), and so this word became a proper name for the Lord’s Supper in the early Catholic Church. Today it is more commonly associated with the elements in communion, especially the “host” or “wafer”, although the ceremony itself is still called “The Holy Eucharist”.
Now you might be wondering why I am taking so much time and effort to explain something as harmless as the ceremony know around the world as communion. If you have ever been to church at all (Protestant or Roman Catholic), you have probably taken part in a communion service. So why make all this fuss about bread and wine? Why? Because that’s where the similarity between evangelical communion services and the Roman Catholic Mass ends — at the bread and the wine!
TRANSUBSTANTIATION
This 18-letter word is a complete theological statement… and the name of a doctrine out of which springs the most astounding set of beliefs and practices that have ever been taught in the name of religion. Very, very few people know what the Roman Catholic Church actually believes and teaches concerning this subject, and I am convinced that even fewer Roman Catholics realize themselves what they are taking part in. From earliest childhood, “This is the body of Christ” is all they’ve ever heard when the priest gingerly placed the wafer on their tongue. And as they grow up it was so natural and part of normal religious life, that their minds never questioned the fact that Jesus Christ, Himself, was actually in their mouth!
It might be hard for you to believe, but that’s exactly, literally, what “transubstantiation means” — the Roman Catholic Church teaches members that the bread and the wine used in the Mass actually, physically, turns into the flesh and blood of Jesus Christ after the priest blesses it during the liturgy (ceremony). Although this in itself might shock you, it is really only the beginning. For the implications and practical conclusions of this doctrine are absolutely mind-boggling.
EXCLUSIVE AUTHORITY
For example, the Roman Catholic Church teaches that since their priests are the only ones who have the authority from God to pronounce the blessing which changes the elements of communion into the actual body and blood of Jesus, they are the only church where Jesus “physically resides” even now! Let me quote a letter written to one of the girls in our ministry from a devoted Roman Catholic:
“To explain the Catholic Church would take volumes, but basically the Catholic Church was founded by Jesus Christ when He was here on earth. It is the only church founded by Jesus. The greatest asset of our church is that we have Jesus present in the Holy Eucharist — He is really here, body, soul and divinity. He is God and in His omnipotence can do anything He wishes, and He decided to remain with us until the end of the world in the form of the host in Holy Communion”.
If you think that this is just the isolated opinion of someone on the fringe of the church, or that the Roman Catholic as a whole does not really believe or teach this I beg you read on. For not only is this the official teaching of Rome but, according to irreversible church decree (called dogma), anyone who does not hold to this belief, in the most explicit detail, is accursed and damned forever!
THE COUNCIL OF TRENT
When Europe was electrified by the eloquent preaching of the sixteenth century Reformation, the Roman Catholic hierarchy gathered together her theologians who worked for three decades on the preparation of a statement of faith concerning transubstantiation. This document remains, to this day, the standard of Roman Catholic doctrine.
As the Second Vatican Council commenced in 1963, Pope John XXIII declared, “I do accept entirely all that has been decided and declared at the Council of Trent.” What did the Council of Trent decide to declare? Some of the first sections are as follows:
Canon I: “If anyone shall deny that the body and blood, together with the soul and divinity of our Lord Jesus Christ, and therefore entire Christ, are truly, really, and substantially contained in the sacraments of the most Holy Eucharist; and shall say that He is only in it as a sign, or in a figure — let him be accursed!”
Canon II: “If anyone shall say that the substance of the bread and wine remains in the sacrament of the most Holy Eucharist, together with the body and blood of our Lord Jesus Christ… — let him be accursed!”
Canon VI: “If anyone shall say that Christ, the only begotten son of God, is not to be adored in the holy sacraments of the Eucharist, even with the open worship of Latria, and therefore not to be venerated with any peculiar festal celebrity, nor to be solemnly carried about in processions according to the praiseworthy and universal rites and customs of the Holy Church, and that He is not to be publicly set before the people to be adored, and that His adorers are idolators — let him be accursed!”
THE WORSHIP OF THE HOST
“Thou shall not make unto thee any graven image… Thou shall not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them.” — The second commandment (Exodus 20:4 –5)
“God is spirit, and those who worship Him must worship in spirit and truth.” (John4:23)
In Canon VI, a rite of worship called “Latria” was spoken of. This is not just an “ancient custom” — it is thoroughly practised today in many Masses. After the bread has been supposedly changed “changed” into Christ by the priest, it is placed in a holder called a monstrance. And before this monstrance the Roman Catholic must bow and worship the little wafer as God! Sometimes they have processions where they solemnly march, as the congregation bows and offers praise and worship — to this piece of bread!
The Roman Catholic teaching that Jesus Christ is physically present in each morsel of bread creates many other doctrinal and practical problems. For instance, when the service is over, what happens to all those leftover wafers that have been changed into Christ’s? Do they change back into bread again when the priest goes home? I’m afraid not. For according to Canon IV of the Council of Trent, they stay flesh!And don’t think that 400-year-old decree is just some dusty old manuscript in a museum case somewhere — it is still completely adhered to and passionately practised. As an example, here is a passage from an official Catholic home instruction book, copyrighted 1978:
Jesus Christ does not cease to exist under the appearance of bread and wine after the Mass is over. Furthermore, some hosts are usually kept in all Catholic churches. In these hosts, Jesus is physically and truly present, as long as the appearance of bread remains.
Catholics therefore have the praiseworthy practice of “making visits” to our Lord present in their churches to offer Him their thanks, their adoration, to ask for help and forgiveness; in a word, to make Him the centre around which they live their daily lives.” That is an incredibleinterpretation of how to make Jesus the centre of your daily life!
WHEN DID THIS TEACHING BEGIN
The teaching of transubstantiation does not date back to the last supper as most Roman Catholics suppose. It was a controversial topic for many centuries before officially becoming an article of faith (which means that it is essential to salvation according to Rome). The idea of a physical presence was vaguely held by some, such as Ambrose, but it was not until 831 AD that Paschasius Radbertus, a Benedictine monk, published a treatise openly advocating the doctrine. Even then, for almost another four centuries, theological war was waged over this teaching by bishops and people alike, until at the Fourth Lateran Council in 1215 AD, it was officially defined and canonized as dogma by Pope innocent III. Church historians tell us that when this doctrine first began to be taught, the priests took great care that no crumb should fall — lest the body of Jesus be hurt, or even eaten by a mouse or dog! There were quite serious discussions as to what should be done if a person were to vomit after receiving the sacrament. At the Council of Constance it was argued that if a communicant spilled some of the blood on his beard, both beard and the man should be destroyed by burning!
HOW ROME VIEWS THE BIBLE
Before we proceed to look at what the Bible has to say on the subject, it is important to understand the official Roman Catholic view of the Scripture. According to unquestionable decree, they hold that “Church tradition has equal authority with the Bible”. This is not just a theological view, but it was made an article of faith by the same Council of Trent in 1545! And again, this view is completely held by the Church today:
The teaching of the Church will always be in keeping with the teachings of the Scripture “…and it is through the teaching of the Church that we understand more fully truths of sacred Scripture. To the Catholic belongs the final word in the understanding and meaning of the holy Spirit in the words of the bible.”
And explaining the premise used in interpreting the Bible: “… usually, the meaning of the scriptures is sought out by those who are specially trained for the purpose. And in their conclusion, they know that no explanation of the Scriptures which contradicts the truths constantly taught by the infallible church can be true.
Any thinking person can see how such a mode of interpretation can be dangerously used to manipulate Scripture to mean absolutely anything at all! Who has not observed this of the various cults? The Moonies, Mormons, and the Jehovah’s Witnesses all back up their false teachings with new “new revelations” and “inspired interpretations” of Scriptures — each claiming that the Holy Spirit revealed these new truths to their founders. One opens oneself to all kinds of deception when one judges the Bible by what one’s church or pastor teaches, instead of judging what one’s church or pastor teaches by the Bible.
CATHOLIC PROOF-TEXT EXPLAINED
With this in mind, we will briefly discuss the two main passages of Scripture that the Roman Catholic Church uses while trying to show that Jesus Himself taught transubstantiation.
John 6:54-55, “He who eats My flesh and drinks My blood has eternal life; and I will raise him up on the last day. For My flesh is true food, and My blood is true drink.”
Roman Catholics are taught here that Jesus is explaining how He is literally offering them His flesh and blood, so that the may have eternal life by physically eating Him. With just a little study of the whole passage (verses 27-71), it is clear that Jesus was not talking about physical but spiritual food and drink.
Food is eaten to satisfy hunger. And in verse 35 Jesus says, “He who cometh to Me shall never hunger.” Now Jesus is not promising eternal relief from physical hunger pains. He is, of course, speaking of the spiritual hunger in man for righteousness and salvation. And He promises to those who will “come to Him” that He will satisfy their hunger for these things forever —therefore, to come to Him is to “eat”! (See also Matthew 5:6, 11:28; John4:31-34).
We drink also to satisfy thirst, and again in verse 35 Jesus tells us, “He that believeth on Me shall never thirst.” Therefore, to believe on Him is to “drink”! (See also John 4:13-14.) No one can say that here Jesus was establishing the eating and drinking of His literal flesh and blood to give eternal life, for in verse 63 He says, “It is Spirit who gives life; the flesh profits nothing; the words that I speak unto you, they are spirit, and they are life.” Thus Jesus makes it clear what we should be eating and drinking to have eternal life! (See also Matthew 4:4).
Matthew 26:26 and 28, “this is my body, this is My blood.” Roman Catholics base their whole religious system on their interpretation of these two verses. They adamantly teach that right here Jesus is pronouncing the first priestly blessing that mysteriously changes the bread and wine into His body and blood. The absolute folly of such a conclusion is proved by this one observation: He was literally still there before, during, and after they had partaken of the bread and cup! He was not changed into some liquid and bread — His flesh was still on His bones, and His blood still in His veins. He had not vanished away to reappear in the form of a piece of bread or cup of wine!
Let’s look closer at His words. No one can deny that we have figurative language. Jesus did not say touto gignetai “this has become” or “is turned into” but touto esti (“this is”, i.e. “signifies”, “represents” or “stands for?”). It is obvious that Jesus’ meaning was not literal but symbolic! And He was not the first in the bible to claim figuratively that a glass of liquid was really “blood”.
On one occasion David’s friends heard him express a strong desire for water from the well of Bethlehem. In spite of extreme danger, these men broke through the enemy lines of the Philistines and brought the water to him. When David found out that these men had risked their lives in this way he refused to drink the water, exclaiming, “Is not this the blood of the men who went in jeopardy of their lives?” (II Samuel 23:17).
Throughout the Gospels we find similar metaphorical language: Jesus referred to Himself as “the Door”, “the Vine”, “the Light”, “the Root”, “the Rock”, “the Bright and Morning Star”, as well as “the Bread”.
The passage is written with such common language that it is plain to any observant reader that the Lord’s Supper was intended primarily as a memorial and in no sense a literal sacrifice. “Do this in remembrance of me” (Luke 22:19).
TRUE PAGAN ORIGINS
Where did this teaching and practice really come from? Like many of the beliefs and rites of Romanism, transubstantiation was first practised by pagan religions. The noted historian Durant said that belief in transubstantiation as practised by priests of the Roman Catholic system; “is one of the oldest ceremonies of primitive religion”. The syncretism and mysticism of the Middle East were great factors in influencing the West, particularly Italy. In Egypt, priests would consecrate mest cakes which were supposed to become the flesh of Isiris. The idea of transubstantiation was also characteristic of the religion of Mithra, whose sacraments of cakes and haoma drink closely parallel Catholic Eucharist rites.
The idea of eating the flesh of deity was most popular among the people of Mexico and Central America long before they ever heard of Christ; and when Spanish missionaries first landed in those countries, “their surprise was heightened, when they witnessed a religious rite which reminded them of communion . . . an image made of flour. . . and after consecration by priests, was distributed among the people who ate it . . . declaring it was flesh of deity . . . “.
SO WHY DO THEY TEACH IT?
Before concluding our first chronicle, the question needs to be asked, “Why does the Roman Catholic Church need to have such a doctrine — why do they think that Jesus wants them to Him physically? That is what truly puzzled me as I read astounded through the catechism and doctrinal instruction books. But the answer to that question is not a pretty one. As I said before, the implications and practical conclusions of the teaching of transubstantiation are substantially worse than the doctrine itself — and like a great web spun by an industrious spider, Rome’s teachings spiral out from this central hub like spokes of a wheel.
In Roman Catholic Chronicle II we will look intently at the next direct result of transubstantiation in official Roman Catholic systematic theology: The Sacrifice of the Mass”
Roman Catholic Chronicles II ~ The Sacrifice of the Mass
Roman Catholic Chronicles III ~ Salvation according to Rome
Roman Catholic Chronicles IV~ What did Vatican II really change?
